Isingeniso Esijwayelekile
Imishini yokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle isho inqubo yokuguqula amanzi olwandle anosawoti noma anosawoti abe amanzi ahlanzekile, aphuzwayo.Kuwubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obungabhekana nezinkinga zokushoda kwamanzi emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisogwini naseziqhingini lapho ukufinyelela kwamanzi ahlanzekile kulinganiselwe.Kunobuchwepheshe obuningi bokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle, okuhlanganisa i-reverse osmosis (RO), i-distillation, i-electrodialysis (ED), kanye ne-nanofiltration.Phakathi kwalokhu, i-RO ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kakhulu ohlelweni lokususa usawoti emanzini olwandle.
Inqubo Yokusebenza
Inqubo yokusebenza yomshini wokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle ngokuvamile ihlanganisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
1- Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili: Ngaphambi kokuthi amanzi olwandle angene enqubweni yokukhipha usawoti emanzini, adinga ukwelashwa kusengaphambili ukuze kukhishwe noma yiziphi izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe, njengesihlabathi nemfucumfucu.Lokhu kwenziwa ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi pre-filtration.
2- Ukuhlunga: Uma amanzi olwandle esenakiwe ngaphambili, adluliswa ochungechungeni lwezihlungi ukuze asuse noma yikuphi ukungcola, okufana namagciwane, amagciwane, namaminerali.
3- Ukukhipha usawoti emanzini: Kulesi sinyathelo, amanzi olwandle angaphansi kwenqubo yokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle, ngokuvamile ubuchwepheshe be-RO.Lobu buchwepheshe busebenzisa ukucindezela okukhulu ukuze kuphoqe amanzi olwandle ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi olungena kancane, olususa usawoti omningi nokunye ukungcola, okuholela emanzini amasha, aphuzwayo.
4- Ukubulala amagciwane: Ngemva kwenqubo yokukhipha usawoti emanzini, amanzi akhishwa amagciwane ukuze asuse noma imaphi amagciwane asele noma amagciwane.
Imodeli namapharamitha
Imodeli kanye nemingcele ye-Seawater Desalination Equipment, iyafana nje nemishini yamanzi ye-RO.
Umehluko umi kanje ngezansi;
Izinhlelo zokusebenza
Imishini yokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle inezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa:
1- Ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi okuphuza amasha ezindaweni ezisogwini naseziqhingini lapho imithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile iyindlala khona
2- Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamanzi zezitshalo zokukhipha usawoti emanzini, ezisebenzisa amanzi amaningi ukupholisa, ukuhlanza, nezinye izinqubo.
3- Ukunikeza amanzi okunisela ezindaweni ezomile
4- Ukusekela izinqubo zezimboni, ezifana nokukhiqizwa kukawoyela negesi, okudinga amanzi amaningi
Izinzuzo zokususa usawoti emanzini olwandle
1- Ukuhlinzeka ngomthombo othembekile wamanzi ahlanzekile ezifundeni ezinemithombo yamanzi ahlanzekile alinganiselwe
2 - Ukunciphisa ukuncika emanzini angaphansi komhlaba kanye nemithombo yamanzi angaphezulu, okungase kuthinteke ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile
3- Ukunciphisa ubungozi bezifo ezitholakala emanzini, njengoba inqubo yokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle isusa amagciwane namagciwane amaningi.
4- Ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi ezinqubweni zezimboni ngaphandle kokubeka ubunzima obuningi emithonjeni yamanzi yendawo
Kodwa-ke, ukukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle nakho kunezinye izinto ezimbi, okuhlanganisa:
- Izindleko zamandla aphezulu, njengoba inqubo yokukhipha usawoti emanzini idinga amandla amaningi ukuze isebenze
-Izindleko ezinkulu zemali, njengoba ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa kwezindawo zokususa usawoti emanzini olwandle kungamba eqolo - Imithelela yemvelo, njengokukhishelwa kwamanzi angcolile abuyele olwandle, okungalimaza izilwane zasolwandle uma kungalawulwa ngendlela efanele.
Sekukonke, ukukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle kuwubuchwepheshe obuthembisayo obungasiza ukubhekana nezinkinga zokushoda kwamanzi ezifundeni eziningi emhlabeni jikelele.Ngokuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha usawoti emanzini olwandle kanye nezinqubo zokuphatha, kungenzeka kube umthombo obalulekile wamanzi ahlanzekile emashumini eminyaka ezayo.
